Biography of Albert Ellis, Creator of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

Albert Ellis (1913-2007) was one of the most influential psychotherapists in history. He created rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), which was part of psychotherapy’s cognitive revolution and served as a foundation for cognitive-behavioral therapy. Fast Facts: Albert Ellis Known For: Creating rational emotive behavior therapy, the first cognitive behavioral therapyBorn: September 27, 1913 in Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaDied: July 24, 2007 in New York, NYParents: Harry and Hattie EllisSpouse: Dr. Debbie Joffe Ellis (also a psychologist)Education: City University of New York and Columbia UniversityKey Accomplishments: Founder of The Albert Ellis Institute; prolific author who wrote 54 books and over 600 articles. Early Life Albert Ellis was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in 1913. He was the oldest of three children. His father was a traveling salesman and his mother was an amateur actress. Because of his profession, his father was often absent, and when he was home, he was indifferent to his children. Meanwhile, Ellis said his mother was emotionally distant and self-absorbed. That left Ellis to care for his younger siblings. Ellis had a kidney disorder as a child, and between the ages of 5 and 7 he was hospitalized eight times. During those occasions his parents rarely visited and offered little emotional support. As a result, Ellis learned to deal with adversity on his own. At the age of 19, Ellis recognized he was incredibly shy. In order to change his behavior, Ellis decided to talk to every woman who sat alone on a bench in a nearby park. In a single month, Ellis talked to 130 women. Even though he only got one date out of the exercise, it helped him overcome his shyness. Ellis employed a similar technique to overcome his fear of public speaking. Ellis initially planned to become a businessman and a novelist. He graduated from the City University of New York with a degree in business administration in 1934.  He then went to work in business and spent his spare time writing. Ellis never had success publishing his fiction, however, he noticed he did have a talent for non-fiction writing. As he conducted research for a book he was writing called The Case for Sexual Liberty, Ellis’ friends started asking him for advice on the subject. It was in this way that Ellis realized he enjoyed counseling as much as he enjoyed writing. Ellis decided to pursue a degree in clinical psychology, receiving his master’s from Columbia University in 1943 and his doctorate in 1947. Dr. Albert Ellis, psychologist, stretched out in a recliner next to his desk, 1970. Bettmann  /  Getty Images Career Before Ellis earned his Ph.D. he’d already started a private practice. He was trained to use a psychoanalytic approach to therapy but became disenchanted when he realized it rarely helped his clients. He began to see psychoanalysis as too passive and too preoccupied with past trauma.  Ellis sought to develop a more active, present-focused approach to psychotherapy that could work in a minimal number of sessions. This led to the creation of rational emotive behavior therapy. Ellis looked to both psychologists like Karen Horney and Alfred Adler and to philosophers like Epictetus, Spinoza, and Bertrand Russell to come up with a therapeutic approach that challenged irrational thinking that led to problematic emotions and behavior. In REBT, the therapist actively disputes the client’s irrational beliefs while seeking to replace them with healthier, more rational ones. By 1955, Ellis no longer considered himself a psychoanalyst and instead was presenting and practicing what he then called rational therapy. In 1959, he founded the Institute for Rational Living, which is now known as The Albert Ellis Institute. Although his confrontational style of therapy raised the hackles of some in the field and earned him the nickname â€Å"the Lenny Bruce of psychotherapy,† his approach soon caught on and contributed to the cognitive revolution. Despite failing health, Ellis continued to lecture, write, and see dozens of therapy clients on a weekly basis until his death in 2007. Contributions to Psychology Ellis’ creation of REBT was groundbreaking. It is a pillar on which cognitive behavioral therapy is based, which is one of the most widely used forms of therapy today. As a result of Ellis contributions, Psychology Today declared â€Å"no individual — not even Freud himself  Ã¢â‚¬â€ has had a greater impact on modern psychotherapy.† As a result of his outsized impact on the field, a 1982 survey of clinical psychologists ranked Ellis as the second most influential psychotherapist in history, just behind Carl Rogers and before Freud. Ellis helped countless people by adapting the talk therapy of psychoanalysis into the short-term, practical approach of REBT and by paving the way for the cognitive revolution. Key Works Ellis, Albert. (1957). How to Live with a Neurotic.Ellis, Albert. (1958). Sex Without Guilt.Ellis, Albert. (1961). A Guide to Rational Living.Ellis, Albert and William J. Knaus. (1977). Overcoming Procrastination: Or How to Think and Act Rationally in Spite of Life’s Inevitable Hassles.Ellis, Albert. (1988). How to Stubbornly Refuse to Make Yourself Miserable About Anything — Yes, Anything! Sources Cherry, Kendra. â€Å"Albert Ellis Biography.† Verywell Mind, 31 July 2019. https://www.verywellmind.com/albert-ellis-biography-2795493Kaufman, Michael T. â€Å"Albert Ellis, 93, Influential Psychotherapist, Dies.† The New York Times, 25 July 2007. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/25/nyregion/25ellis.htmlEpstein, Robert. â€Å"The Prince of Reason.† Psychology Today, 1 January 2001. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/articles/200101/the-prince-reasonâ€Å"About Albert Ellis.† The Albert Ellis Institute. http://albertellis.org/about-albert-ellis-phd/â€Å"Albert Ellis.† New World Encyclopedia. 16 February 2019. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Albert_Ellis#cite_note-times-6

Cnn s Presidential Election Coverage - 938 Words

For this project, I chose to watch the CNN Presidential Primary election coverage. I watched the coverage on Super Tuesday, and also on Super Saturday. I wanted to see how they portrayed each candidate, and also who was represented in regards to the news anchors. Men were clearly represented more than women on both days, and white males were the most represented overall. While there were female news anchors dissecting the information, the main news anchors were males such as Wolf Blitzer. I found this interesting because the women seemed to play a smaller point in the coverage, only commenting on the results, while their male counterparts actually released and gave out the results. There were a few different cultures represented, with African Americans being represented the second most, and then hispanics. Relating to the candidates, it seems as if Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump are receiving the most press even though other candidates are winning other states. I believe this is be cause news networks have a political race that they want to see (Clinton v Trump) and they will try to dissuade voters towards candidates such as Bernie Sanders and Marco Rubio for example. I find this very interesting because it clearly shows how the media can influence people s minds, and the election. During the coverage, the main anchors were white males, while there were some females discussing the events. The program was based on covering the primary election results from the DemocraticShow MoreRelatedPresidential Election Vs. Presidential Elections1264 Words   |  6 PagesAs we approach the final day of the US election, polls show vantage for Clinton, the representative of the democrat party over Trump, the representative of the republic party so far. 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The foundation of Trump’s success can be attributed to many characteristics thatRead MoreNews : The Politics Of Illusion Essay1775 Words   |  8 Pagesthe Authority Disorder Bias. This bias is when blame is placed on the authority figure(s) when an event or scandal occurs that is negative. The developer of the bias pattern is scholar Lance Benn ett, defines the Authority Disorder Bias pattern in news media in his book â€Å"News: The Politics of Illusion† in which he describes that â€Å"there is bias in placing so much news focus on the largely emotional questions of Who s in charge? and Will order be restored?† He states that this â€Å"greater volume of criticismRead MoreMedia Bias In The Media1474 Words   |  6 Pagesbefore. Media can be defined as collective outlets for mass communication. In today’s society, massive amounts of media are consumed in a plethora of forms: newspapers, magazines, television, Internet, and social media. The 2007 U.S. Census Bureau s Statistical Abstract of the United States reports that adults and teens spend nearly five months out the year watching television, surfing the Internet, reading daily newspapers and listening to music (cited in ABC News, 2006). In correspondence withRead MoreWhy I Want To Work In Political Science1144 Words   |  5 Pagesplace where po litics is the main focus. So thats why I choose to work for CNN. And CNN is a company that employs people who have great knowledge and understanding of politics. Cable News Network is basic cable and satellite television news channel owned by turner broadcasting system. CNN was founded in the year 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner as a twenty-four cable news channel. CNN has numerous of affiliates, CNN primarily broadcasts from the Time Warner Center in New York City, andRead MoreThe 2008 Presidental Election: Change vs. Experience Essay2567 Words   |  11 PagesNovember 4, 2008 marked a monumental moment in United States history. American presidential elections were revolutionized because of the 2008 presidential election between democratic candidate Barack Obama and republican candidate John McCain. After eight years, President George W. Bush., Americans were waiting for, what would be the key word of this election - change. 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The reason politicians turn to attack campaigning before meaningful policy discussion is, simplyRead More Medias Impact on Politics Essay3263 Words   |  14 Pageswill happen with this country as a whole in the long run. So what is the best way to find out what’s going on with our government? Why the media of course. The media plays a major part in every aspect of the g overnment including what happens in elections, the reporting of major military operations and how the American people will react to certain political situations or scandals. Here are some the ways that the media affects the way we think when it comes to the government. The Right to Laugh:

Cultural Competencies For Nurses Impact on Health and Illness

Question: Describe about the Case Study on Cultural Competencies For Nurses in the Impact on Health and Illness? Answer: A) According to the case study we can see that Mrs. G has visible breathing trouble and after the tests and examination it is clear that she has also got acute pneumonia due to prolonged bout of flu. Apart from that the tests have also revealed that she has mental problems as well. She suffers from hypertension and remains distressed and has recently reported to have chest pain when enquired by the nurse. According to World Health Organization definition Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Hence, according to the given definition Mrs. G could be referred as healthy when she is free of all kinds of mental and physical illness. She will have to be eradicated of all kinds of illness which she carries now so that she can be called healthy. The trouble of physical diseases like chest pain and pneumonia, the breathing problem will have to be cured along with that we will have to make sure that her flu does nt come back as it was the root cause of pneumonia in her body. Secondly her mental illness will have to be cured in order to transform her into a healthy person. The cause of hypertension and stress will have to identify through counseling and then will have to be addressed. Overall it could be said that she will have to be free of all kinds of diseases which includes both mental and physical illness so that she can be declared to be in good state of health. B) Over the years there have been a lot of research on the subject of illness and many scholars have defined the term illness in different ways. Hence, there are different definitions to illness. For the present case study and based on the condition of Mrs. G it could be said that she fits perfectly with a definition of illness (Dayer-Berenson 2014). In her case illness could be defined as the state of being unhealthy in the body or mind. She is in a state where her body and mind both are affected by disease. The body and mind are not working normally due to physical and mental trouble that she is in. It is very important for the responsible doctors and healthcare specialists to effectively communicate with her regarding her mental and physical problems (Du Pr 2010). It becomes extremely important for the doctors and nurses to identify the key problems that she is suffering from in order to be able to address those issues successfully and help her get cured (Payton 2009). Since she f its with one of the definition of illness it is very important to take extra care of her and try to resolve the physical problems of breathing, addressing the flu and curing the pneumonia so that a longer period of time could be invested to address the mental issues of hypertension and stress (Radley 2009). Hence it could be said that with her present state she could be declared ill as her body and mind have stopped working normally. C) Mrs. G is suffering from hypertension on the other hand she also has other physical diseases. Though physical diseases are easy to cure but at the same time if the patient is affected by mental illness it is often seen that physical diseases do not get cured very fast. In this case it is quite relevant since Mrs. G has hypertension (Rogers Pilgrim 2014). Hypertension is means she has high blood pressure and high blood pressure affects the heart perilously. Medicines work very slow as the blood pressure is high and heartbeat rate is fast since the heart pumps the blood very fast. Hypertension is one of the major causes of strokes and heart attacks, dementia, kidney problems and ophthalmic problems (Steiner 2014). Hypertension is a major cause of vascular dementia which prevents the brain from working and the person loses cognitive power and thinking capacity. She has been obstinate in ignoring medication in the first place which has taken a toll on her health. Mrs. G has responded very slow to the medication and treatment as she has hypertension the medicines take a lot of time to dissolve in blood and it acts late on the body. In most of the cases it has been seen that hypertension causes brain damage as the intricate nerve mechanism in our brain cannot stand the excessive pressure of blood and they rupture which leads to brain damage (Waugh Grant 2014). The lifestyle of Mrs. G has been quite unconventional due to this problem of hypertension she has already shown positive signs of level one dementia by keeping herself stressed which can be seen clearly and on the other hand it has also reflected on the physical development of her body and mind, but with her mental ailments taking the back seat through effective psychological treatment she has been less ignorant to medication in the later part. Though she is old and its quite natural to develop eye problems but hypertension problems of her could be held responsible for the deteriorating conditions of her ophthalmic state. There have been no signs of diabetes but its just a matter of time that she develops this problem as well (Weiss Lonnquist 2012). Overall it could be said that her mental condition is far more important than her physical condition and hence, it is quite important to effectively treat her mental condition of hypertension. If hypertension can be reduced or treated properly then the other physical ailments will be gone very soon as she will start responding to the medications instantly and conspicuous positive change will reflect in her (Weiss Lonnquist 2012). References Dayer-Berenson, L., 2014.Cultural Competencies For Nurses: Impact On Health And Illness. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Du Pr, A., 2010. Communicating about health: current issues and perspectives. Payton, A.R., 2009. Mental health, mental illness, and psychological distress: same continuum or distinct phenomena?Journal of health and Social Behavior,50(2), pp.213-227. Radley, A., 2009.Works of illness: Narrative, picturing and the social response to serious disease(Vol. 8). InkerMen Press. Rogers, A. and Pilgrim, D., 2014.A sociology of mental health and illness. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Steiner, R., 2014.Health and illness(Vol. 2). SteinerBooks. Waugh, A. and Grant, A., 2014.Ross Wilson anatomy and physiology in health and illness. Elsevier Health Sciences. Weiss, G.L. and Lonnquist, L.E., 2012.Sociology of health, healing, and illness. Prentice Hall.

Money Makes You Happy free essay sample

The inventor and statesman Benjamin Franklin said, Money never made a man happy yet nor will it. There is nothing in its nature to produce happiness. Money can and in most cases does buy you everything your heart wishes. With money you would be able to live a comfortable life with everything you wanted around. You can have flat screen TVs to expensive Jewelry, the sky Is the limit when youre spoiling with the benefits of your hard work. But does that necessarily make you happy? Would having everything be as great as It seems? There Is nothing like the feeling of shopping with no Limit.When you can have everything you want and are fortunate enough to buy anything you want, It can be a dream come true for most people. Then again we as humans are programmed to want things that we simply cant have. Things that can be bought most of the time the very same things we couldnt afford at one point or the other. We will write a custom essay sample on Money Makes You Happy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page That does bring about a slight bit of happiness around. But does that really make people happy? To a certain level it does. It gives us a rush of having something new in our lives. Something we could stare at and be fascinated with for a few moments before the next better thing comes along and distracts us again.The desire to have what we consider the better things would convince us that one will be happier than we were ever before. That then becomes a habit, which will make one want more than needed. While yea money can does in fact make one happy, its only temporary. Try and look back at one time you might have bought something and regret buying It a few days later. Money gives you things that give you some level of happiness. Its nothing like the things in our everyday lives that make us really happy. Things like family, friends or Just the feeling of being alive.